Another interesting study is called, "Value of calretinin immunostaining in differentiating epithelial mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma." By Ordez NG. The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030 - Mod Pathol. 1998 Oct;11(10):929-33. Here is an excerpt: "Abstract - Only recently have immunohistochemical markers been recognized that are commonly expressed in epithelial mesotheliomas but not in adenocarcinomas. Among these, calretinin generated a great deal of interest, but the number of studies evaluating the practical use of calretinin immunostaining in the diagnosis of mesothelioma is limited, and the study results are controversial. To evaluate whether calretinin immunostaining can assist in distinguishing between epithelial pleural mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma and other carcinomas metastatic to the pleura, 38 pulmonary adenocarcinomas, 117 nonpulmonary adenocarcinomas, 28 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, 8 large-cell undifferentia ted carcinomas of the lung, and 9 transitional cell carcinomas metastatic to the lung were studied. Reactivity was observed in all of the 38 mesotheliomas, whereas only 3 of the 38 pulmonary adenocarcinomas and 11 of the 117 nonpulmonary adenocarcinomas (5/38 ovarian, 2/15 endometrial, 2/23 breast, 2/16 colonic, 0/8 kidney, 0/8 prostatic, 0/6 thyroid, and 0/3 pancreatic) exhibited weak or focal staining. Eleven of the 28 squamous carcinomas of the lung were also positive. No reactivity was observed in any of the large cell undifferentiated carcinomas of the lung or in the transitional cell carcinomas. It is concluded that calretinin immunostaining is not only helpful in discriminating epithelial pleural mesotheliomas from pulmonary adenocarcinomas but that it can also assist in distinguishing epithelial mesotheliomas from nonpulmonary adenocarcinomas metastatic to the pleura."
Another interesting study is called, "Successful adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in an in vivo model of human malignant Mesothelioma" - The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 57, Issue 6, June 1994, Pages 1395-1401 by W.Roy Smythe MDa, Larry R. Kaiser MD, Harry C. Hwang BS, Kunjlata M. Amin PhD, Joseph M. Pilewski MD, Stephen J. Eck MD, PhD, James M. Wilson MD, PhD and Steven M. Albelda MD Here is an excerpt: "Abstract - Malignant mesothelioma remains a frustrating clinical problem with uniformly poor responses to current therapeutic regimens. However, the localized nature of the disease, the potential accessibility of the tumor, and the relative lack of distant metastases make it a particularly attractive candidate for somatic gene therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of an adenoviral vector system to transfer genetic material to human mesothelioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Using a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus carrying the Es cherichia coli lacZ market gene, we found that human mesothelioma cell lines were susceptible to adenovirus infection. Furthermore, surprisingly effective gene transfer was accomplished within tumor implants of human mesothelioma growing within the peritoneal cavity c. immunodeficient mice after intraperitoneal administration of virus. These studies demonstrate that adenoviral vectors hold promise as vehicles to deliver gene therapy in human malignant mesothelioma."
Another interesting study is called, "Immunohistochemical staining for vimentin and keratin in malignant Mesothelioma" by Churg, Andrew M.D; From the Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. May 1985 - Volume 9 - Issue 5 Here is an excerpt: "Abstract - Because tissue culture studies have suggested that mesothelial cells might produce large amounts of vimentin, I stained eight mesotheliomas (two fixed in alcohol) for vimentin using the Gown and Vogel monoclonal antibody 43[beta] 8. The two tumors that had alcohol fixed blocks were strongly positive for vimentin, whereas one of the tumors fixed only in formalin showed moderately strong staining and two others showed very weak focal positivity; the remaining tumors were negative. In the mesotheliomas that did stain, both epithelial and spindled elements gave a positive reaction. Three alcohol-fixed lung cancers and two blocks of alcohol-fixed pleura failed to stain for vime ntin. By contrast, all mesotheliomas and carcinomas, whether alcohol or formalin fixed, as well as sections of pleura, were strongly positive when stained with anticytokeratin antibody 35[beta] Hl 1. I conclude that the combination of staining for vimentin and keratin might be a useful diagnostic finding in malignant mesothelioma, but that specially fixed material is required for reliable vimentin staining."
We all owe a debt of gratitude to these fine researchers. If you found any of these excerpts interesting, please read the studies in their entirety.
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